{"id":304,"date":"2017-09-24T10:52:09","date_gmt":"2017-09-24T07:52:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/?p=304"},"modified":"2017-09-24T10:52:09","modified_gmt":"2017-09-24T07:52:09","slug":"baudrillard-kulturel-tuketim-uzerine","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/2017\/09\/24\/baudrillard-kulturel-tuketim-uzerine\/","title":{"rendered":"Baudrillard, K\u00fclt\u00fcrel T\u00fcketim \u00dczerine"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"“Science et Vie\u00a0<\/em>okumak bir t\u00fcr uzla\u015fman\u0131n [compromis] \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr: ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcre \u00f6zlem, ama ayr\u0131cal\u0131\u011f\u0131n reddi bi\u00e7imindeki savunmac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131-g\u00fcd\u00fcyle birlikte (yani hem \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131fa \u00f6zlem hem de kendi s\u0131n\u0131f konumunun yeniden olumlanmas\u0131). Daha kesin olarak bu okuma kat\u0131lma g\u00f6stergesi olarak<\/em> rol oynar. Neye kat\u0131lma? Ayn\u0131 mu\u011flak talebi ta\u015f\u0131yanlar\u0131n, Science et Vie<\/em> (ya da Les Muses<\/em> vb) okuyanlar\u0131n soyut toplulu\u011funa, potansiyel toplumsala kat\u0131lma. Adeta s\u00f6ylencesel bir davran\u0131\u015f \u00f6rne\u011fi: Okuyucu, okumas\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla mevcudiyetini in abstractio<\/em> [soyut olarak] t\u00fcketti\u011fi bir grubu d\u00fc\u015fler: tam anlam\u0131yla “kitle” ileti\u015fiminin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc<\/em> olan ger\u00e7ekd\u0131\u015f\u0131, kitlesel<\/em> ili\u015fki. Bununla birlikte bu okuman\u0131n derinlemesine ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc -tan\u0131nma, birle\u015fme, s\u00f6ylensel kat\u0131l\u0131m- olu\u015fturan ittifak (ayr\u0131ca hemen hemen ayn\u0131 s\u00fcreci Le Nouvel Observateur<\/em> okuyucular\u0131nda da bulup ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr: Bu dergiyi okumak, onun okuyucular\u0131 aras\u0131na girmek, s\u0131n\u0131f simgesi olarak “k\u00fclt\u00fcrel” etkinliklerden yararlanmakt\u0131r).<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcksek tirajl\u0131 ve “d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc” bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn ara\u00e7lar\u0131 olan bu yay\u0131nlar\u0131n okuyucular\u0131n\u0131n (“yanda\u015flar\u0131” demek daha do\u011fru olur) \u00e7o\u011fu do\u011fal olarak ve iyi niyetle i\u00e7eri\u011fe \u00f6nem verdiklerini ve bir bilgi edinmeyi ama\u00e7lad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 savunacaklard\u0131r. Ama bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrel “kullan\u0131m de\u011feri”, bu nesnel ereksellik fazlas\u0131yla sosyolojik “de\u011fi\u015fim de\u011feri”yle \u00fcst-belirlenmi\u015ftir. K\u00fclt\u00fcrelle\u015ftirilmi\u015f dergilerin, ansiklopedilerin, cep dizilerinin sundu\u011fu s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z malzemenin yan\u0131t verdi\u011fi i\u015fte bu giderek keskinle\u015fen stat\u00fc rekabetine endekslenmi\u015f taleptir. T\u00fcm bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6z, i\u00e7eri\u011fi \u00f6zerk bir prati\u011fi de\u011fil, ama bir toplumsal hareketlilik retori\u011fini besledi\u011fi,\u00a0k\u00fclt\u00fcrden ba\u015fka bir nesneyi\u00a0<\/em>ya da daha \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc sadece\u00a0kodlanm\u0131\u015f toplumsal stat\u00fc \u00f6\u011fesi olarak<\/em> elde etmeyi ama\u00e7layan bir talebi besledi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde “t\u00fcketilir”. Demek ki tersine \u00e7evrilme s\u00f6z konusu ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel i\u00e7erik burada tam anlam\u0131yla sadece yan anlam gibi, ikincil i\u015flev olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. \u00d6zetle, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel i\u00e7eri\u011fin, alet de\u011fil ama konfor ya da prestij \u00f6\u011fesi oldu\u011fu andan itibaren t\u00fcketim nesnesine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makinesiyle ayn\u0131 tarzda t\u00fcketildi\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyoruz. Art\u0131k \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makinesinin \u00f6zg\u00fcl bir varl\u0131\u011fa sahip olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve pek \u00e7ok di\u011fer nesnenin -di\u011ferleri aras\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle de k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn- onun yerine ge\u00e7irilebilir oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. K\u00fclt\u00fcr, ba\u015fka bir s\u00f6yleme kayarak ba\u015fka nesnelerle yer de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir ve (hiyerar\u015fik olarak \u00fcst\u00fcn olsa da) onlarla t\u00fcrde\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde t\u00fcketim nesnesi olur. Ve bu sadece\u00a0Science et Vie<\/em> i\u00e7in de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda “y\u00fcksek” k\u00fclt\u00fcr, “b\u00fcy\u00fck” resim sanat\u0131 ve klasik m\u00fczik vb i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir. Bunlar\u0131n hepsi drugstore’da ya da gazete ve dergi sat\u0131\u015f yerlerinde bir arada sat\u0131labilir. Ama bu, ne sat\u0131\u015f yerine, ne tiraj miktar\u0131na ne de izleyicilerin “k\u00fclt\u00fcrel d\u00fczeyi”ne ili\u015fkin bir sorundur. E\u011fer t\u00fcm bunlar hep birlikte sat\u0131l\u0131yor ve t\u00fcketiliyorsa, bu, her t\u00fcr ba\u015fka nesne kategorisinin tabi oldu\u011fu ayn\u0131 rekabet\u00e7i g\u00f6stergeler talebine k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn de tabi olmas\u0131 ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00a0bu talebe g\u00f6re \u00fcretilmesi<\/em> anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n

Bu arada k\u00fclt\u00fcr, g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n “ambiyans”\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan di\u011fer iletiler, nesneler, imgelerinkiyle ayn\u0131 sahiplenme tarz\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine dahil olur:\u00a0Merak\u00a0<\/em>-bu merak ille de hafiflik ya da patavats\u0131zl\u0131k de\u011fil, \u00f6zellikle k\u00fclt\u00fcrlenme yolundaki kategorilerde kendini g\u00f6steren tutkulu bir merak olabilir-; ama birbirini izlemeyi, \u00e7evrimi, tarz yenileme zorlamas\u0131n\u0131 varsayan ve b\u00f6ylece simgesel anlam sistemi olarak k\u00fclt\u00fcr prati\u011finin yerine g\u00f6stergeler sistemi olarak k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn oyuncul ve birle\u015ftirici prati\u011fini ge\u00e7iren merak: “Beethoven, m\u00fcthi\u015f!””<\/p>\n

Jean Baudrillard, T\u00fcketim Toplumu: S\u00f6ylenceleri \/ Yap\u0131lar\u0131, \u00e7ev. Hazal Delice\u00e7ayl\u0131 & Ferda Keskin, Ayr\u0131nt\u0131 Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, 2008 [1970], 3. bas\u0131m, s. 133-4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“Science et Vie\u00a0okumak bir t\u00fcr uzla\u015fman\u0131n [compromis] \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr: ayr\u0131cal\u0131kl\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcre \u00f6zlem, ama ayr\u0131cal\u0131\u011f\u0131n reddi bi\u00e7imindeki savunmac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131-g\u00fcd\u00fcyle birlikte (yani hem \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131fa \u00f6zlem hem de kendi s\u0131n\u0131f konumunun yeniden olumlanmas\u0131). Daha kesin olarak bu okuma kat\u0131lma g\u00f6stergesi olarak rol oynar. Neye kat\u0131lma? Ayn\u0131 mu\u011flak talebi ta\u015f\u0131yanlar\u0131n, Science et Vie (ya da Les Muses vb) okuyanlar\u0131n … Continue reading Baudrillard, K\u00fclt\u00fcrel T\u00fcketim \u00dczerine<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[33,28,20],"tags":[87,88],"class_list":["post-304","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-alinti","category-kulturel-calismalar","category-sosyoloji","tag-jean-baudrillard","tag-tuketim-toplumu"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9WYIs-4U","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":534,"url":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/2017\/11\/20\/baudrillard-gosterge-ekonomi-politigi\/","url_meta":{"origin":304,"position":0},"title":"Baudrillard, G\u00f6sterge Ekonomi Politi\u011fi Ele\u015ftirisi","author":"yalpertem","date":"20 November 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"\"Harcama s\u00fcrecinde paran\u0131n anlam\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. M\u00fc\u00adzayede s\u00fcrecinde bir kez tespit edilmi\u015f olan bu olgu bir varsay\u0131ma d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclerek b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00fcketim evrenine ta\u015f\u0131na\u00adbilir. T\u00fcketim, yaln\u0131zca (de\u011fi\u015fim de\u011ferine yeni bir kulla\u00adn\u0131m de\u011feri atfedilmesinden) sat\u0131n almaktan ibaret bir ey\u00adlem de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda (olay\u0131n bu yan\u0131 gerek kapitalizm gerekse Marx taraf\u0131ndan kesinlikle ihmal edilmi\u015ftir) bir\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "al\u0131nt\u0131"","block_context":{"text":"al\u0131nt\u0131","link":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/category\/alinti\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/gosterge-ekonomi-politigi-hakkinda-bir-elestiri-jean-baudrillard-193x300.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":714,"url":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/2017\/12\/08\/pettman-tekno-pesimizm-ve-tuketici-bot-insan-elestirisi\/","url_meta":{"origin":304,"position":1},"title":"Pettman, Tekno-Pesimizm ve T\u00fcketici\/Bot \u0130nsan Ele\u015ftirisi","author":"yalpertem","date":"8 December 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"\"\u0130nsanlar, internet \u00fczerindeki davran\u0131\u015flara ili\u015fkin muhtelif \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bot hesaplar\u0131ndan ne kadar farkl\u0131? Bize ait al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde t\u00fcm\u00fcyle \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f\u00a0alt-rutinlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ya da g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde algoritmik hale geldi? Belli bir a\u00e7\u0131dan -mesela, Target'\u0131n reklam tavsiye motoru a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan- bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Google'da yap\u0131lan bir dizi kelime aramas\u0131ndan ya da al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131ndaki baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimlerden\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "al\u0131nt\u0131"","block_context":{"text":"al\u0131nt\u0131","link":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/category\/alinti\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/dominic-pettman-sonsuz-dikkat-daginikligi-208x300.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1059,"url":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/2018\/03\/12\/jonathan-culler-yazin-kurami-kulturel-calismalar\/","url_meta":{"origin":304,"position":2},"title":"Culler, Yaz\u0131n Kuram\u0131 ve K\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar","author":"yalpertem","date":"12 March 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"\"Sigara ile Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u011flarla tak\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 konusunda yazan Frans\u0131zca profes\u00f6rleri; biseks\u00fcelli\u011fi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleyen Shakespeare uzmanlar\u0131; seri katiller \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ger\u00e7eklik uzmanlar\u0131. Neler oluyor? Burada olan \u015fey 1990'larda sosyal alanda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen temel bir etkinlik: 'k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar.' Baz\u0131 yaz\u0131n profe\u00ads\u00f6rleri Milton\u2019dan Madonna\u2019ya, Shakespeare\u2019den sudan dizilere y\u00f6nelmi\u015f, yaz\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 tamamen terk etmi\u015f olabilir. 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Cem Soydemir, 1998 [1994]. \u201cNietzsche\u2019nin kim oldu\u011fu sorusunu yan\u0131tlayabilseydik, onun \u00f6n\u00fcnde mi, yoksa arkas\u0131nda m\u0131 oldu\u011fumuza, onun kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda m\u0131, yoksa yan\u0131nda m\u0131 yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za karar verebilirdik. 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Ele\u015ftirel bir okumadan ziyade adanm\u0131\u015f bir \u00f6\u011frencinin yak\u0131n okumas\u0131 olarak, olabildi\u011fince yorumdan ka\u00e7\u0131nma niyetiyle, ikilinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce \u00e7izgilerinden do\u011fru d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya a\u00e7\u0131lan; metinleri kendi \u00fcslubunda\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "felsefe"","block_context":{"text":"felsefe","link":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/category\/felsefe\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/deleuze-guattari-arzu-politikas%C4%B1na-giris-1-200x300.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=304"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=304"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=304"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yalpertem.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}